HOW TO PLANT

 (HOW TO PLANT)

Farms as we know are two parts which are rain fed and irrigated, we are going to talk about irrigated farms first. In general when creating a garden it is very important to consider these factors:

• Land preparation and nutrition

• Seed Selection  

• Irrigation (Water)

• Fighting Waste, Disease and Pests. 

These factors mentioned above are necessary for agriculture, without them nothing can be cultivated, if some of them are found and others are not considered, the production will decrease, and that is the reason why the production of Somali farmers will decrease, so We will stand together briefly one by one for our mutual benefit.

Land selection and preparation Land selection and preparation is the most important factor, without which it would not be possible to plant anything, and this is the only thing that most Somali farmers think about. It is very important that the land is nutritious because every time the land is planted and the crops are harvested, part of the land's nutrients are lost, because the land's nutrients were used by the plants or crops that were harvested, so if the land is After planting for a long time, the nutrients of the soil are reduced and the field does not produce anything meaningful, and when our farmers say that the soil is bad or the soil is not good, it is possible that no plants will grow, because we know that

Plants need as much as humans need, such as sunlight, water and food, the availability of which causes plants and humans to live as long as God has written for them, but if they lose nutrition (food), we all know what will happen. So it is necessary to nourish the earth like this:

• Changing crops or planting plants that release nutrients to the ground, this is done by most Somali farmers who use irrigation, both those who know and those who are not aware of its effectiveness.

• To prepare plants and composted manure, which consists of animal manure and garden and plant residues. It is mixed and mixed with animal manure, trees and plants and prepared in a part of the garden and then it is decomposed and scattered in the garden before it is created.

• The garden can also be fertilized with fertilizers that contain NPK (Nitrogen, Phosphorous and Potassium), which are known as major nutrients in some countries.

• (macronutrients), there are other nutrients called micronutrients (fertilizers) such as boron (B), chlorine (CI), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo) and zinc (Zn).

• It may be that the soil is salty or salty, when it comes to the land of the two rivers, it is more common in the land along the Jubba River, the land of the Shabelle River has salt but it is less salty than the land of the Jubba River. 

So we know that our farmers run away from the salty land, but it is easy to maintain

The salt is removed and it needs to be

do the following To divide the saline land into equal parts such as, Darab, Jibal hectares etc

• To make two channels, one for the water to enter the river and one to leave when it clears the salt

• That each part (Darab, Jibaal, Luun, Hektar) should be cut into a separate place where the water from the river channel enters and a place where the salty water leaves.

This makes it easy to remove the salt from the ground easily without spending a lot of money. 

Land Preparation

Preparing the land for planting is important for farming, and it is most important to till the land before planting, the benefits that the land gets from tilling include:

• Soften the soil which causes the water retention capacity of the soil to increase.

• Eliminates waste. 

Garbage or trees Leaving the garden other than the planted crop causes a big problem in the garden, because it harbors plant diseases and insects that eat the crop, so tilling the soil causes the waste to die and after the insects die, the waste is also reduced. the diseases that would occur in the new crop.

Adding waste to the soil also accelerates the decay of the trees, and the result is that the decaying trees quickly grow together with nutrients, which become nutrients for the new garden.

One of the most important land preparation activities is land leveling.

The flatness of the land causes the field to drink water at the same time as the field is irrigated, and there is no stagnant or waterless area. It also results in the field being created and harvested at the same time, and it prevents the field from being reseeded. 

The seed

As we have already mentioned, the seed is one of the things without which it is impossible to plant something, so it is important that the seed is healthy (no holes or holes), and it is known that the fruit or the fruit is not healthy. 

It has a different color than other seeds, and it is necessary to select the seeds separately before using them as seeds.

In general, a farmer needs to protect and take care of his farm in order to benefit from it and increase his production.

• Monitoring soil nutrients

• Create a good selection

There is also a need to properly manage the time of planting which can cause up to 4 times a year to harvest different crops if the garden is given what it needs, and it is necessary for the farmers to fight the enemies of the garden. to increase farm productivity.